Which tool measures the curvature of the cornea?

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The tool that measures the curvature of the cornea is a keratometer or corneal topographer. Keratometers are specifically designed to assess the radius of curvature of the anterior surface of the cornea, which is essential for evaluating corneal astigmatism and determining appropriate contact lens fitting. This measurement is vital for various applications in optometry, including pre-operative evaluations for refractive surgery and monitoring changes in the cornea over time.

Corneal topographers go a step further by creating a detailed map of the cornea's surface, providing comprehensive insights into its shape and topography. This information is crucial for diagnosing conditions like keratoconus and for customizing treatments that depend on the precise mapping of corneal curvature.

In contrast, the other tools listed serve different purposes. An ophthalmoscope is used for viewing the interior structures of the eye, particularly the retina. A retinoscope helps in determining the refractive error of the eye by shining light into the eye and observing the reflection. Meanwhile, a slit lamp is used to provide a magnified view of the anterior segment of the eye for examining the eyelids, cornea, and anterior chamber. Each of these tools plays a unique role in eye care but does not specifically